įor a long time, it was thought that the Amazon rainforest was never more than sparsely populated, as it was impossible to sustain a large population through agriculture given the poor soil. Subsequent development led to late-prehistoric settlements along the periphery of the forest by AD 1250, which induced alterations in the forest cover. Ribeirinhos are a traditional rural non-indigenous population in the Amazon rainforest, who live near riversīased on archaeological evidence from an excavation at Caverna da Pedra Pintada, human inhabitants first settled in the Amazon region at least 11,200 years ago. Members of an uncontacted tribe encountered in the Brazilian state of Acre in 2009 Ribeirinhos dwellings. See also: History of South America § Amazon, and Amazon River § History Bates's 1863 The Naturalist on the River Amazons Manaus, with 2.2 million inhabitants, is the largest city in the Amazon basin The Yanomami are a group of approximately 32,000 indigenous people who live in the Amazon rainforest. Orellana derived the name Amazonas from the Amazons of Greek mythology, described by Herodotus and Diodorus. The women of the tribe fought alongside the men, as was their custom. The name Amazon is said to arise from a war Francisco de Orellana fought with the Tapuyas and other tribes. In 2023, the World Bank published a report proposing a non-deforestation based economic program in the region. Economic losses due to deforestation in Brazil could be approximately 7 times higher in comparison to the cost of all commodities produced through deforestation. Large scale deforestation is occurring in the forest, creating different harmful effects. Indigenous peoples make up 9% of the total population, and 60 of the groups remain largely isolated. More than 30 million people of 350 different ethnic groups live in the Amazon, which are subdivided into 9 different national political systems and 3,344 formally acknowledged indigenous territories. The Amazon represents over half of Earth's remaining rainforests, and comprises the largest and most biodiverse tract of tropical rainforest in the world, with an estimated 390 billion individual trees in about 16,000 species. Four nations have " Amazonas" as the name of one of their first-level administrative regions, and France uses the name " Guiana Amazonian Park" for French Guiana's protected rainforest area. The majority of the forest, 60%, is in Brazil, followed by Peru with 13%, Colombia with 10%, and with minor amounts in Bolivia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela. This region includes territory belonging to nine nations and 3,344 formally acknowledged indigenous territories. The Amazon rainforest, also called Amazon jungle or Amazonia, is a moist broadleaf tropical rainforest in the Amazon biome that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America. Map of the Amazon rainforest ecoregions as delineated by the WWF in dark green and the Amazon drainage basin in light green.īolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana ( France), Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela
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